[MLS-C01] [Introduction] Machine Learning Terminology

Posted by Oscaner on May 9, 2022

Categories

  • Data Engineering
  • Data Analysis
  • Modeling
  • Algorithms
  • Implementation and Operations

Datasets

  1. Datasets: A collection of data used as the “fuel” for our machine learning models.
  2. Features: describe information about your data set in a columnar way.
  3. Observations: describing your data as each instance of a set of features.

Dataset Types

  • Datasets can be comma separated or JSON
  • Datasets can also be images, audio, or video

Ways to organize data

  • Structured data: has a schema
    • Example: table of values such as a relational database table
  • Unstructured data: doesn’t have a schema
    • Example: PDFs, images, video, audio, logs, tweets
  • Semi-structured data: contains tags to separate semantic elements and enforce hierarchies
    • Examples: CSV, JSON, XML

Labeled/Unlabeled Data

  • Labeled data: Has a target attribute
  • Unlabeled data: No target attribute

Supervised/Unsupervised Learning

  • Supervised Learning: Mostly used with labeled data
  • Unsupervised Learning: Mostly used with unlabeled data

Categorical/Continuous Features

  • Categorical features
    • Made up of a set of categories
    • They describe the quality not quantity
    • They are distinct
  • Continuous features
    • They describe the quantity not the quality

Corpus Data

  • Data collected from text
  • Used in Natural Language Processing (NLP)
  • Speech recognition, text-to-speech

Ground Truth Data

Data that has been labeled either by human labelers or by machine learning algorithms.


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